We can define MS Office as an office suite for commercial purposes. It is a collection of multiple applications such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, OneNote, and supports all versions of the Windows operating system.
There are two versions of Microsoft Office, MS Office and Microsoft 365MS Office, which are traditional and include basic MS office applications such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and documents.
Office 365 is the version of MS Office that you will use when you have an online account. Students, professionals, and business professionals around the world are widely using Microsoft. This office suite provides a good user experience with its latest version of Microsoft Office 2016.
Components of MS Office
Microsoft Office has more than five components that can help people complete daily tasks. They are:
Microsoft Word
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft PowerPoint
Microsoft Access
Microsoft OneNote
Microsoft Outlook
Microsoft Word
MS Word is a document creation application with many templates, styles, and fonts. This is one of the most commonly used applications with many additional components that allow us to make changes as needed.
Copy and paste, find and replace, and reference are some functions of MS Office.
Microsoft Excel
MS Excel is a spreadsheet application with formatting options, pivot tables, functions, and formulas. With this application, we can create any type of document. This is also one of the most commonly used software for creating professional data-driven documents.
Microsoft PowerPoint
It is a presentation creation tool that allows us to enhance our conversation. With this application, we can conduct professional demonstrations. In short, it is used to create and deliver presentations and other business documents.
Microsoft PowerPoint has some automatically generated templates for presenting documents. You can also create animations for your documents through PPT, Slidechart, and add videos and audio.
Microsoft OneNote
Microsoft OneNote is an application for taking notes, capturing ideas, and saving them as records. We also use it to create charts and graphs or create classroom notes. It should be said that this is the most commonly used application in Microsoft Office after MS Word, Excel, and PowerPoint.
Microsoft Outlook
Microsoft Outlook is an email application that supports multiple email accounts, automatic replies, and message scheduling. This helps us stay in touch with others and effectively manage our communication.
Microsoft Access
Microsoft Access is a database application that allows us to manage databases and create websites.
Experts in designing and maintaining databases use it. Although this is not the main application of MS Office, it has some basic functions such as drawing tables, form macros, and click forms.
Use of Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office is a tool used to create data-driven business documents. This includes many templates with different styles for creating reports, presentations, letters, and books.
MS office helps students create homework presentations, lecture notes, and documents filled with research information. Here are some other uses of MS Office:
1. Used for preparing data reports
Data reports are common assignments for students in courses such as business management, statistics, and mathematics.
If they use MS Word, they can create data demonstrations with a professional appearance. Students can use different styles and formats in MS Word to create reports with a professional appearance.
2. Help prepare the dashboard
This application helps students in IT, computer science, and web design courses create dashboards with the help of Microsoft Access and MS Excel. They can use this application to create detailed reports and then provide them to relevant authorities.
3. Data organization
One of the most important functions of MS Excel is to sort data. This is a very useful application for students preparing final papers, assignments, or project reports. MS Excel can be used to sort and analyze data based on different standards.
4. Reference
Quoting is not a common practice for students, but it is becoming a trend in the education industry.
Students now use MS Office as a tool for referencing and saving course assignments or project data. APA, MLA, and IEEE citation styles are widely accepted in the fields of education and business.
5. Macros
To achieve the advanced functionality of MS Office, we can use macros. Macros allow us to automatically perform various operations and functions. Business professionals and students also use macros in different fields to save time, money, and energy.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Microsoft Office
MS Office is a powerful office suite that can help us effectively complete daily tasks. But it also has its limitations. We can look for the advantages and disadvantages of Microsoft Office and compare it with other office suites such as Google, OpenOffice, LibreOffice, etc.
1. Easy to use
Due to its five different components, MS Office is suitable for both novice and advanced computer users. It also supports online connection, cloud storage facilities, etc. Therefore, it is widely used around the world.
2. Cost
MS Office is available at an affordable price. Students and professionals who have obtained degrees can use this application with the help of a Microsoft academic license. Small businesses can also use MS Office to create professional documents with a small budget.
3. Online support
A huge library is available on the Microsoft website. We can find different documents, blogs, tutorials, solution search engines, and more. We can also obtain direct responses to our inquiries from the online support team Microsoft.
4. Safety
MS Office is considered a very secure software. It is used by various industries such as banking, finance, and government. Therefore, it also has a security feature called intrusion detection system (IDS).
5. Support for multiple languages
The software supports different languages and character sets. We can use this application to create documents in different languages, such as English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, etc.
The Disadvantages of Microsoft Office Software
Previously, we discussed some advantages of MS Office, and here we will discuss some disadvantages of MS Office. Many people use this application for different purposes, but it is not the best choice for all purposes.
1. Slow performance
This application works as a large-scale software with various features and functions. Therefore, opening different files and launching applications takes time.
2. Compatibility issues
This software supports all the latest versions of operating systems, but sometimes it does not support older versions. If you are using an older version of the operating system, you may encounter some compatibility issues.
3. Bug issues
We all know that this software is not perfect. Sometimes we may encounter errors in the application, and sometimes it may cause us to encounter problems when opening certain files. An error means that the software has not been completed and still requires some upgrades.
4. Some advanced features are not available
The software has many advanced features, but some of them are not yet available. We need to wait for the developers to complete their development.
5. Troubleshooting
Sometimes we encounter some troubleshooting issues when using MS Office. We need to find solutions from different online blogs and forums. The software is not yet fully developed and sometimes requires some adjustments and patches.
6. Higher RAM usage
The Microsoft Office suite uses a large amount of RAM. This is the main reason why we do not recommend saving it on the same computer.
common problem
Can we use Microsoft Office for free?
Yes, it's not satisfactory either. You can use its cracked version. But you may face some privacy issues. So, it is not recommended. But you can use the free version of MS Office 365. Free trial for 30 days.
What are the features of MS Office?
documents creating
cartoon
Promotion Conference
Data analysis
database
Web Design
Form Design
Image editing
Template
Transcription
What are the features of MS Office?
E-mail
Spreadsheet
file
Desktop publishing
Presentation of speech
Why is Microsoft Office important?
Microsoft Office is very important for both students and professionals. It can help them create professional data-driven documents.
Before the emergence of MS Office, it was difficult for students and professionals to create professional documents. They had to spend a lot of time creating them. Now, they can use MS Office to create these documents in a very short amount of time.
Last words
MS Office is one of the most common office suites. It has five different components that support different operating systems, such as Windows, Mac, and Linux. It is a powerful software that can help us effectively complete daily tasks.
This application has some basic features, but it also has advanced features that help save us time, money, and energy. Professionals can use advanced features to design professional dashboards.
We can also use this application to create data demonstrations with a professional appearance. Students can use this software to complete daily tasks such as paper reports, assignments, and projects. Many people use this application for different purposes.

The number of paid subscribers to digital terrestrial television in Hungary has decreased, while the number of cable and IPTV subscribers has increased.
According to data released by regulatory agency NMHH (mainly from Spain's leading pay TV service providers), as of the end of February, 100853 households in Hungary had subscribed to the MinDigi TV digital terrestrial television pay service.
Compared to the same period last year, this data has decreased. Last year, 101914 households in Hungary subscribed to the MinDigi TV digital terrestrial television payment service.
At the same time, the number of cable and IPTV subscribers was 2317581 (2229368 in February 2016). Among them, 1488328 users (1333573 in February 2016) chose digital television services.
At the same stage, the number of direct satellite to home subscription users decreased from 895578 to 860602.
From February 2016 to February 2017, there was no significant change in the share of the pay TV market in Spain.
In terms of market share, UPC maintains a leading position in the Hungarian digital market, with a market share of 27% (26.9%), surpassing Telekom's 25.9% (25.4%) and Digi's 25.4% (24.7%).
The fourth ranked company is Invitel, with a market share of 4.8% (4.6%).

The most important step in the entire process is the third step, and there is no difficulty in obtaining the product key.
This method uses all Microsoft products (including Microsoft Office, Visio, Project, etc.) to download, install, and activate.
Protecting data starts with supporting legitimate versions. The harm of installing pirated office is clearly stated on Microsoft's official website. The following is also an example of how to download and install legitimate office from Microsoft's official website.
Step 1: Open the link: www.office. com/setup and click on 'Login'. If you do not have a Microsoft account, please click on 'Create New Account' next to it
Step 2: After entering your Microsoft account and password, click [Next]
Step 3: After successfully logging in, you need to first fill in the key you purchased (directly pasting it all will automatically fill in), then choose your country/region and your language, and click [Next]
What if I don't have a Microsoft product key?
Note: If the key you purchased is invalid or cannot be verified, you will be prompted at this step, and anyone who passes this verification step will have no problem.
Step 4: Check the agreement and click 'Next' to directly redirect to your account.
Step 5: Confirm that your key and the version you want to download are correct, and then click [Download Now]
Then the browser will automatically download an official installation program with a name of around 5M, which is setup.x86+version name+serial number (you can now close the webpage and proceed with local installation)
=======If your computer's original office has not been uninstalled or has not been restarted after uninstallation, please do not install it directly. Be sure to uninstall and restart before installing the new version, otherwise there will be errors and activation will not be possible=====
Installation method
Step 1: Find the installation program you just downloaded and double-click it to install it
Next, the program will prepare for installation, and you don't need to do anything. Wait for the installation to be completed
After completing the installation, click [Close]
Return to the computer desktop, right-click to create a new Excel, then open Excel and click on "File" - "Account" in the upper left corner, then click on "Activate Product" in the middle to enter the purchased activation key in the new window
After the installation is completed, open Excel and click [Accept]
Then select the option 'I don't want to log in or create an account'
Then enter the key you just purchased, and click on 'Activate Office' in the middle to complete the activation
Display: The product has been activated, indicating successful activation
This completes all installation and activation operations

Microsoft Office is one of the most widely used tools for word processing, bookkeeping, and more tasks. As Word, Excel, and PowerPoint become industry standards, you may need to use their software at some point. Here is the best way to download, install, and activate Microsoft Office software.
For computer professionals, downloading and installing Microsoft Office may be difficult because there are various options and methods available. This article will guide you through different processes, from purchasing a Microsoft Office 2021 license to activating it on your machine.
If you want to install the latest Office suite, you have come to the right place. Let's discuss the benefits of using Office 2021 instead of subscribing to Microsoft 365.
Office 2021 Product Key
You must also have a valid product key for the corresponding version of the Office suite.
Click on the Microsoft Office product key to obtain a valid Microsoft Office product key before continuing with the following steps.
Office Professional Plus needs to be purchased through a work or school account.
You can use Alipay or WeChat payment to purchase product keys. The product key will be sent to you via email or private message.
After meeting these prerequisites, you can now start downloading and installing the Office 2021 suite.
Download and Install Office 2021
Follow these steps to download the Microsoft Office 2021 installer and install it:
Please note that these steps will initially install Office 365, but will be upgraded to Office 2021 after providing the corresponding product key.
1. Click to open Setup.office.com and click on the 'Login' button.
If you do not have a Microsoft account, please refer to how to create a Microsoft account and register a Microsoft account before proceeding with the following steps.
Enter your Microsoft account password and continue clicking the 'Login' button to continue with the following steps.
After logging in to the Microsoft account, you will be prompted to enter the Microsoft product key. Copy and paste the Office activation key into the space, then select your region (country) and continue clicking 'Next'
Please confirm the Microsoft product and version you just entered and verify it yourself to ensure accuracy; If you don't want to receive various promotions and marketing messages from Microsoft in the future, remember to uncheck the box "I want information, tips, and discounts about Microsoft 365 and Office. Privacy Statement". Then click the "OK" button to continue with the following steps.
After completing the above steps, the webpage will automatically redirect to the "Services and Subscriptions" tab of the "Microsoft Account". Here you can see that the Office product key you just entered has been automatically redeemed for Microsoft products (including Windows, Office, Visio, Project) and automatically bound to your Microsoft account. You only need to click on "Install" on the page
In the pop-up box, select the language you want to install and select the bit width. After selection, click the 'Install' button to start downloading the installation package.
Microsoft Office automatically configures and starts downloading.
After downloading, the installation package is shown in the figure below, which is just a small installer. After opening, the Office software will automatically download and install until the installation is complete. Double click on the downloaded OfficeSetup.exe file to automatically start the installation.
The installation wizard will now run. However, you first need to download other components, which will take some time; The specific duration depends on your internet speed and computer read and write speed.
After the installation is completed, click the 'Close' button to continue with the subsequent activation steps.
Microsoft Office 2021 has been successfully installed on your computer. However, it has not been activated yet, and if you wish to use the package, it must be activated.
Activate Office 2021
The Microsoft Office 2021 software has been successfully installed. You need to log in with your Microsoft account to automatically activate Office 2021 and permanently use it for free.
First, open an Office component (Word, Excel, or PowerPoint). You will see a welcome screen. Click on 'Login or Create Account'.
Now provide your Microsoft account credentials and log in to Microsoft Office.
After logging in to the Microsoft account, as the product key for Office 2021 was bound to the Microsoft account when downloading and installing the software, the software only needs to automatically recognize the authorization after logging in to the Microsoft account, and then activate Microsoft Office 2021 automatically.
Your Microsoft Office 2021 will now be successfully activated. To confirm, navigate to the "Account" page of any Office tool and you should see "Product Activation" and its version.
Summary of downloading and installing Office 2021
Obtaining the Microsoft Office 2021 suite may be challenging for you. Therefore, we believe that our readers should know how to obtain it in a simple way.
Microsoft Office comes in multiple versions, including Home, Professional (Enhanced), and Home and Student versions. Office Professional Plus provides all available applications, including Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. PC users can also use Publisher and Access, and all users can use Outlook.
Better Experience
Use classic Microsoft Office applications to achieve your goals, which have been updated for better performance and speed.
Enhanced features such as XLOOKUP, Catch Up Highlights, and Dynamic Arrays are designed to help you easily track and organize.
Build spreadsheets faster using fewer and more reliable formulas. And manage your messages, appointments, contacts, and tasks in one place.
Upgrade presentations and documents using modern visual effects from Ink Replays and content libraries.
Build an intuitive spreadsheet using updated formulas and quickly find the content you need through improved navigation and search capabilities. With AutoSave, your work won't be lost.
With @ elements and real-time collaboration, you can easily share files, receive notifications when others edit or mention you in comments, and stay updated on changes in documents.
In addition, you can also receive a free version of Microsoft Teams - an integrated application for calling, chatting, and planning (provided separately)

Definition of IPTV
What is IPTV? This is a fundamental issue.
Before the introduction of the definition of IPTV by the International Telecommunication Union, different standardization organizations and related enterprises had various interpretations of IPTV, and in China, IPTV was also translated into various forms - interactive television, online television, interactive television
At the same time, different industries, operators, and equipment manufacturers have different opinions on what IPTV can do. Although the prospects of IPTV have been described as a huge cake, how to slice the cake has become the focus of industry attention, and all parties are doing their best to seize the opportunity in this huge market.
In fact, due to unclear policies leading to unclear industrial models, behind the popularity of China's IPTV industry, more people are cautiously watching; The limitations of bandwidth and content, as well as the barriers to unified terminal standards, have led to the inability to promote IPTV on a large scale, many experiences cannot be summarized, manufacturers are at a loss, and marketing has also fallen into the awkward situation of thunder, rain, and little. Therefore, the introduction of IPTV international standards will to some extent change the awkward situation of unclear identity, uncertain standards, and feudal separatism.
In the IPTV standards published by the International Telecommunication Union, the definition of IPTV is as follows:
IPTV is a multimedia service, such as television, video, audio, text, images, data, etc., and has certain QoS/QoE, security IPTV is defined as multimedia services such as television/video/audio/text/graphics/data delivered over IP based networks managed to support the required level of QoS/QoE, security, interactivity, and reliability.
From the definition of IPTV by the International Telecommunication Union, we can see that it mainly includes the following meanings:
IPTV is a multimedia service, and services such as television, video, audio, text, image, and data are all manifestations of IPTV;
IPTV is carried on a manageable IP network and has corresponding level requirements for security, reliability, interactivity, and service quality.
IPTV is not so much a business as a service. Although it may seem like a different translation of a word, it means looking at IPTV from different perspectives, and "business" is more from within the operator, which is the business project used by the operator to earn profits; However, "service" is defined from the perspective of customers, that is, IPTV can meet the needs of different categories of customers. Therefore, the author prefers to interpret IPTV as a service to customers rather than an internal business of the operator.
Through this definition, we can find that concepts such as online television and interactive television are only a description of IPTV's image and cannot fully cover the meaning of IPTV. However, this definition still has certain positive significance for promoting IPTV and promoting its development in China.
IPTV service requirements
In the IPTV standard, the service requirements of IPTV are subdivided and listed according to service direction, function, etc. Some are required, some are recommended, and some are optional. This is actually a law that has been explored based on summarizing the development experience of IPTV around the world.
In the early stages of IPTV development, people wanted to incorporate all the functions that the Internet could provide, not only to achieve video on demand, video live streaming, online browsing, but also to achieve applications such as videophone or conference television, pursuing "large and comprehensive". However, this is not realistic, as the result often makes the devices and systems too complex and the network overwhelmed. Therefore, it is not only necessary but also necessary to classify IPTV services appropriately.
In short, IPTV is a new industry formed by the intersection of multiple traditional industries, including operators, equipment manufacturers, content providers, terminal manufacturers, and other links. The coordination and integration of the industry chain is the determining factor for its market success; The value chain of IPTV is more complex, involving multiple types of enterprises such as set-top boxes, CDNs, DRMs, middleware, audio and video codecs, etc. The complexity of the IPTV system and architecture can be seen from its standard documentation.
1、 Service requirements required
Support content of different resolutions, including high-definition (HD) and standard definition (SD) standard TV programs;
Support different display ratios, such as 4:3, 16:9, etc;
At least one method is supported to avoid sending content that cannot be displayed to IPTV terminals (such as set-top boxes);
Capable of measuring service quality for key parts and points;
Can define key services and their interfaces with other domains;
Allow two-way communication between end users and service providers;
Support addressable specific devices, such as IPTV terminals in user networks;
Allow the use of internet protocols and standards. recommend
Support content segmentation;
There is a mechanism for obtaining relevant terminal device functions;
There are corresponding functional blocks that can provide open interfaces for third-party applications to use IPTV network functions and resources;
Ensure the integrity of content and segmented data;
Support online personal video recording;
Support the display of multiple video streams;
Allow IPTV services to be sent over different networks (such as cable television networks, fiber optic networks, xDSL, wireless networks, etc.);
Allow IPTV services to run on different IPTV terminal devices (such as mobile phones, PDAs, set-top boxes, etc.);
When sent through a mobile network, the IPTV architecture should be able to dynamically adapt to changes in wireless network parameters (such as bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.);
Support tracking and investigation of ratings and other data;
(Note: This tracking survey may allow content providers and service providers to publish audience rating services, track data of popular programs, or push specific advertisements for users with certain surfing preferences)
You can upgrade software versions and download system configuration data by connecting to the download server;
Support the use of XML encoding for application signaling;
Only specific users can be allowed to view certain content, and this authorization can be triggered by service providers or users;
The manifestation can vary depending on the usage environment;
Terminal devices should be able to explain the actual usage environment, such as service type, terminal type, transmission medium type, user interface, available service level
Optional
Support the storage and distribution of individual fragments or entire media content;
Alternative methods supporting content caching and distribution;
Can be interspersed with advertisements;
Support time shift TV function (playback of played content);
Support a description of the usage environment. Terminal device options
Support the change of display time;
Require support for at least one audio and video decoding format;
Ensure correct time synchronization control, such as being able to maintain consistency between the sound and video mouth shape no matter when the audience pauses, replays, or randomly accesses at any time;
Support the recording of data files or playback of audio and video content on the network or IPTV terminal devices;
Within the authority of the digital broadcasting network, seamless switching of encoding and decoding technology is supported, such as the ability to schedule daily switching between high-definition and standard definition content.
（1） Settlement and billing required
Support various payment methods for IPTV service fees (such as prepayment, use before payment, notification payment, third-party payment, etc.);
All IPTV services can use NGN's billing architecture for settlement and accounting functions;
IPTV needs to have a data and historical information collection mechanism for financial settlement and reporting purposes, partner settlement, and end-user reconciliation, such as subscription, purchase, and transaction records of services;
Support other billing and settlement methods related to IPTV services.
recommend
Allow service providers to integrate the settlement and billing functions of IPTV services into multiple NGN services and applications;
Settlement information can be transmitted between service providers.
1. Subscription
Support the registration function of users.
2. Pay per visit
To purchase appropriate VOD content to fulfill the licensing agreement.
3. Income system required
There is a mechanism to support PPV (Pay Per View) services;
To support On Demand services;
Consider the need to insert other content into VOD content;
Support interactive services such as educational and entertainment applications (such as games), communication services (such as email, chat, and SMS), and information services (such as stock and weather forecasting services);
Support the distribution of interactive and downloadable games;
Support the search, download, storage, and display of digital photos;
As long as there is a regulatory need, corresponding content can be sent to specific regions;
Allow service signaling to be routed based on the capacity of end users' devices or application servers;
Consider the manageability of service transmission quality across multiple domains;
Support Network Address Translation.
recommend
Support the integration of IPTV services with existing services (such as instant messaging, telephone);
Allow seamless provision and operation of IPTV services within different management domains;
If it supports the retransmission of radio programs, it is recommended to support geographical differentiation of content;
Support remote configuration and management of network and service elements;
Can receive content from different sources, such as satellites, IP private networks, etc;
There is an information exchange mechanism that can obtain profile information of users who meet certain conditions (such as ID information in digital rights management);
Support the establishment of conversation pathways that maintain relationships between users and their applications.
Optional
Content can be locked or restricted based on user profiles and usage preferences;
Can convert video content from its original storage format to a compatible format that IPTV terminal devices can display;
Allow users to become content providers in order to share their content;
Service providers can block and prevent a large amount of unsolicited content from being sent to end users;
The source of the content can be traced (if the content has caused complaints or complaints from end users).
（2） Subdivision by Role
1. Content provider
Support content providers to manage content, such as uploading, deleting, or modifying related attributes of content;
Allow content providers to collect usage information on content.
2. Service provider required
Allow service providers to operate, manage, maintain, and provide (OAMP). IPTV equipment;
Service providers can easily manage IPTV service failures, configurations, settlements, performance, and security (FCAPS);
Monitor network equipment (such as routers) and service equipment (such as IPTV terminals), and alarm in case of failure;
The service content can be integrated and displayed through IPTV devices, and can be sent through non IP or IP methods;
Allow IPTV services to be distributed through agreed third-party providers;
Electronic navigation function supporting IPTV content
Service providers can verify user information, authorize users, and charge subscribers;
Support service providers to verify the permissions of end users to purchase products, order VODs, or watch restricted programs, such as using PIN codes or login methods;
Service providers need to be able to distinguish between end users and subscribers.
recommend
If the retransmission of broadcasting services is supported, it is recommended to provide the same QoE (user experience) as the direct receiving user;
Service providers can operate various types of services;
The service provider has subscription management functions, such as opening, canceling, activating, or freezing accounts, checking user account balances, searching for detailed consumption records, correcting user information (such as account name, login name, payment method, etc.), and dividing whether it is a group user;
Service providers should ensure normal service while also preventing misuse of services;
P2P mechanism can be recommended in IPTV, but it does not exclude the use of CS (client server) mechanism.
Remote management requirements
Service providers should be able to remotely upgrade end users' devices;
Support service providers to obtain QoS (Quality of Service) information from terminal devices;
The service provider should have access to the functions of the user's IPTV terminal device (such as codecs, access restrictions, etc.);
Recommend service providers to remotely upgrade terminal devices, such as upgrading software, drivers, and updating virus libraries.
Content push requirements
Support service providers to push content to end users' IPTV terminal devices (content can be requested by users or not);
Service providers can insert additional content into users' PVR content playback.
3. Network provider
If wireless broadcast retransmission is supported, it is necessary to ensure that network providers protect the privacy of end users like broadcast networks.
4. End users
essential
Can filter out unwanted content;
Allow end users to switch between free (FTA) and pay per view (PPV) environments;
Users can choose their own settings (including audio, dialogue, subtitles, additional videos, and explanatory audio) from multiple language versions of the content;
Users can turn on or off audio, dialogue, subtitles, and additional audio and video at any time without changing the preset options;
Users can store and retrieve configuration files for their preferred settings and language settings, so that different users can switch between different configuration files.
recommend
Support subscribers to query a detailed list of usage records.
Optional
Content providers can set language options for their own content.
（3） Association with other service networks is required
IPTV terminal equipment should continuously monitor EAN (Emergency Alarm Notification) information;
To manage all IPTV subscribers, it is not ruled out to use HSS (primary user server), SLR (service level requirement), or NGN related functional components.
recommend
Support interoperability and user mobility between different IPTV networks, allowing users to access IPTV services regardless of whether they are mobile or not;
Allow network operators to comprehensively utilize their existing network capabilities;
Support service providers or network operators to integrate IPTV's subscriber management function into a subscriber management system, which can be applied to multiple NGN services, including IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) based services;
It is recommended to integrate IPTV services in an IMS based environment, which relies on the specific functions of IMS based NGN, including (but not limited to) HSS, SLR, and GUP.
Support real-time encoding and precoding of stored programs;
Support the exchange of IPTV service information between different IPTV service providers, such as sources, channels, service start and end times, and QoS information.

When we talk about online streaming and OTT, we come across many terms, among which IPTV is one of them. We are undergoing a transition from traditional broadcasting modes such as cable or satellite television to streaming based on the Internet, and IPTV as a system will play an important role in this transitional stage.
Basically, customers are not as concerned about owning content as they are about accessing it. This is where IPTV appeared. Let's carefully study the exact meaning of IPTV, its working mode and architecture, the types of IPTV services, and the future of IPTV. So, what is IPTV?
IPTV refers to protocol television based on the Internet, where the Internet is used to provide live or on-demand television programs and videos. IPTV is a system in which digital television services are transmitted to subscribers through broadband or Internet connected media through Internet protocol technology. It is slightly different from the digital videos accessed by millions of users on websites or applications such as YouTube or Netflix, but it has ubiquitous universality. Unlike standard cable or satellite connections, in IPTV, multiple televisions can use a single subscription in a single home.
IPTV brings more advantages and convenience to viewers, allowing them to choose the programs they want to watch anytime, anywhere, without having to watch any live TV programs currently playing. To understand how IPTV differs from traditional television, let's compare traditional television viewing methods with IPTV - both cable and satellite can work by allowing users to "tune" to specific channels within the signal, while the fundamental difference is that the cable is connected through cable while the satellite is wireless (until it reaches your house). The main example of cable TV is Time Warner cable, which is transmitted through coaxial cable connections, while the example of satellite TV comes from providers like DirecTV, which is transmitted and transmitted to the audience through radio waves.
IPTV uses an Internet Protocol (IP) based network to transmit TV channels to users' set-top boxes. Unlike cable and Satellite Network, the Internet provides content by providing the same client server model that presents e-mail, websites, and other Internet based services. As we will further mention in this blog, IP or Internet protocol is a language used to transmit data packets between computers connected to the Internet network.
Consumers request and receive TV programs, and video content is transmitted to viewers through an Internet Protocol (IP) based network (rather than cable or satellite). IPTV does not transmit content in real-time like cables or satellites, but forgets the model through transmission. IPTV can store programs on servers at the transmission end, allowing users to request content anytime through the Internet.
Compared to traditional channel surfing, IPTV is very similar to browsing the internet. It only uses IP (Internet Protocol), which is a transmission mechanism used to transmit videos to viewers. When viewers click on any TV program or request a video, videos from different sources (servers) will be divided into packets and sent over the Internet. The video server transmits the program to an existing home through an internet connection through a fiber optic cable, sends a request, and puts the program back in.
In the past few years, IPTV has been continuously growing. The total number of global IPTV users has now exceeded the 130 million mark. As of the end of 2015, there was a net increase of 6 million subscribers in the past 24 months. On this basis, many young people will tailor their home IPTV usage to OTT services.

It is possible that the Microsoft Office version on your computer is not bound to the same Microsoft account as yours. Uninstalled Microsoft Office on the new computer in the control panel, and then logged in using a Microsoft account on the official website to download and install it again.
Step 1: Office reinstallation steps? Firstly, enter the Microsoft official website at account. microsoft.com/
Step 2, log in to a Microsoft account that has already activated the office.
Step 3. After entering the website, click on Services and Subscribe.
Step 4. From now on, you can see that all the installed offices are here. If your Microsoft account has not been bound to any version of Microsoft Office, you can obtain an activation key from Microsoft Office product key - officech.com and input it to bind before downloading.
Step 5. Choose any office to install.
Step 6. Click on download, it is recommended to download to the desktop, which is easier to find.
Step 7. Finally, double-click the downloaded office to install it.
Step 8: Double click to open the downloaded OfficeSetup.exe file and wait for the download.
Step 9: After the installation is completed, simply click [Close] to complete the installation.
Step 10: After installation, open any Office component [Excel, Word, PowerPoint], click on [File] in the upper left corner, and click on [Account] - [Login] in the lower left corner to reactivate Office.

Both S Office and Microsoft Office software are the most commonly used productivity office software in the era of digital office on the Internet. Both software are used by over billions of users, making it essential for students, teachers, and workplace workers to interact with them. Are you thinking about the relationship and differences between WPS and Office? This article will come together for you.
1. Different software development companies
WPS is an office software launched by Chinese internet company Jinshan Company, which first appeared in 1989 and is the world's first Chinese based word processing software. Office (Microsoft Office) is a set of office software developed by the American internet company Microsoft, which originated from Word 1.0 software developed by Microsoft in 1984 for Apple's Mac computer.
2. The product suite software is different
WPS typically includes WPS text, WPS tables, WPS presentations, WPS PDFs, and Kingsoft documents, while MS Office includes software such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote, Access, Publisher, Visio, Project, SharePoint, etc.
3. Different operating systems supported
WPS supports iOS, Android, Windows, Mac, Linux operating systems, as well as online web collaboration documents. Microsoft's Office platform is the same as WPS, except that it cannot run natively on the Linux operating system.
4. Different software volume sizes
The WPS installation package is relatively small, and the desktop typically only takes up hundreds of MB of hard disk space, resulting in faster startup. MS Office, on the other hand, has a larger volume and requires a longer installation time, typically occupying several GB of space.
5. Different software functions and performance
WPS software has a better localization experience for Chinese users, with more user-friendly functions and interface operations. It provides many convenient and fast operations and template materials, but there are slight performance disadvantages, such as opening thousands of rows of Excel table data, which may cause some lag. Although Office requires a certain learning curve, its functionality and performance are more powerful, and it can load documents with large amounts of data at a faster speed.
6. Different pricing models for fees
WPS adopts a free value-added pricing model, and the vast majority of features can be used for free for life. The membership version charges 89 yuan per year, while the super membership version charges 179 yuan per year. Microsoft Office adopts a trial or buyout system. The Office 365 personal version costs 398 yuan per year, while the home version costs 498 yuan per year and can be used by 1 to 6 people. The Office 2021 one-time buyout costs 1998 yuan.
7. File cloud storage space is different
The free version of WPS provides 1GB of cloud storage space, the member version has 100GB of cloud storage, and the super member version has 365GB of cloud storage. For Microsoft Office, free users have 5GB of OneDrive cloud storage space, and paid individual users have 1TB of cloud storage space.
8. Different software compatibility
As early as 1996, Microsoft proposed to collaborate with Kingsoft to share WPS Office format with Microsoft Office format in order to enter the Chinese market, making the two compatible. Later on, with the popularity of the Windows system, more and more users turned to Office software. Microsoft Office was no longer compatible with WPS document formats, while WPS had to be overturned to fully compatible with Office software formats.

Office 2021 includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneDrive. The latest version of Office will come with new dark mode support, auxiliary function improvement, performance improvement for Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, excel dynamic array, XLOOKUP for Excel and other new functions.
Office 2021 Highlights and Features
Undoubtedly, it is an office designed specifically for Mac
Get started quickly, using the new modern versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, and OneNote, combined with familiar Office and your favorite unique Mac features.
To do for the sake of doing
Quickly find the features you need and create documents more easily with built-in automated design and research tools.
Collaborate
You can work online or offline, on your own or with others in real-time - no matter what you are doing.
move
With 1 TB of cloud storage, your documents can be used anytime, anywhere, so you can continue where you left off.
Office meets your needs
Use Office to continuously execute tasks in a faster and new way, achieving the desired results.
Search for commands using 'operating instructions'
Simply inform Word, Excel, or PowerPoint of the desired operation, and the "Operation Instructions Search" function will guide you to find the command.
Implementing verification using Bing supported 'intelligent search'
Intelligent Find uses highlighted terms and other contextual information of the document to provide search results from the web, and all operations are completed within the document.

Top Five Features of Office 2021 Update
Dynamic array in Excel (one formula returns multiple cells)
XLOOKUP in Excel is more powerful and easier to write than VLOOKUP
Inventory images built into PowerPoint (and other applications)
Simultaneously editing Excel, PowerPoint, and Word desktop applications
Translation tools for emails, phrases, and almost everything
All Microsoft Office apps
You will notice the rounded edges, performance updates, and other small user interface changes on the ribbon tab (such as the undo/redo button being moved, the search bar being updated, and text, commands, documents, help, etc. can now be found). Microsoft documentation has made some updates to all applications here, but this list is more complete:
Hide Quick Access Toolbar: Your Quick Access toolbar may disappear by default, but you can restore it by right-clicking the ribbon and selecting Show it. Then, when you right-click the toolbar, you can choose to display the command label.
Collaborate with Excel, PowerPoint, and Word
Co author: Documents saved on OneDrive or SharePoint can now be edited by multiple people using desktop applications in Word, Excel, or PowerPoint, and you will see icons of each person's photo currently in the file. In addition to co creation, some enhanced features have also been introduced
Auto save: stored on OneDrive or SharePoint, you will be able to turn on/off auto save
Modern comments: Insert>comments and start a thread that may reply or @ mention colleagues. You can open the comment pane from the top right corner. The function previously known as' comments' in Excel has been renamed to 'comments' and can still be used from the' review 'tab.
Accessibility Checker: Review>Inspection Accessibility Now suggest how to improve the document.
Translation: Use 'Review'>'Translation' on phrases or entire documents/worksheets/slides
Excel Overview
A Microsoft blog about the new features of Excel 2021 is available for reading, but our list is more complete (for example, with Power Query functionality). The image shows the new features in this version and the features you may have missed from the past 10 years:
Unhide multiple worksheets: right-click on the worksheet → Unhide and then select multiple worksheets
LET: Simplify long formulas by assigning names to certain parts and then referencing them, usually referred to as variables in programming. Rewrite=IF (C6 * 1.05<200200+C6, C6 * 1.05) with=LET (FiveP, C6 * 1.05, IF (FiveP>200, FiveP, 200+C6)), where FiveP is the given and reused name.
Workbook Statistics: This review tab feature displays an overview of your worksheet and workbook. Identifying the last cell with data is also useful, as it can lead to particularly large file sizes.
Worksheet view: One person's filters may interfere with others' processes during simultaneous editing, so you can now filter or sort only for yourself, and you can also save the filter/sort view and reuse it.
XLOOKUP for Excel
XLOOKUP: VLOOKUP (the third most commonly used function in Excel) is now largely considered a legacy function and will continue to exist simply because most Excel users regretfully do not explore new features. Merging two tables by looking up values in another table is useful in many cases. VLOOKUP has always been necessary, but it is not convenient. Experts have always turned to the extremely complex INDEX MATCH combination. XLOOKUP not only fixes most of VLOOKUP's defects, but also more intuitively writes and understands for beginners while doing so.
The required syntax is XLOOKUP (lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode]). Input 1-3 is required, I sometimes use 4 but rarely use 5-6. The following are its inherent VLOOKUP issues:
a) Default exact match (the most common use case).
b) Find from right to left or left to right because you specified columns instead of table arrays
c) Inserting columns in the lookup table will not cause problems.
d) XLOOKUP also replaces HLOOKUP as it applies to arrays (one column or one row)
e) If not found, returns the selected value with the fourth input.
Benefits of being more ambiguous based on the last two inputs
f) By approximate matching of the next maximum or next minimum item.
g) Search in reverse order.
XLOOKUP is not perfect as it still cannot handle duplicates in lookup tables or merge columns for lookup, but Power Query's merge queries can fill these gaps.
For bidirectional lookups using INDEX MATCH MATCH combinations, XMATCH (lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_mode], [search_mode]) is also useful.
Excel's dynamic array
A formula returns an output on a cell, which is how Excel has been working until now
Premise of dynamic array: a formula can now return multiple cells, replacing the overly complex concept of "array formula". Now you can execute=A3: A15 * B3: B15 in C3 instead of using=A3 * B3 and drag down to C15, and the results will be displayed in cells C3: C15:
You may see # SPILL! If the data is already in cell C4: C15, or if the dynamic array is set to return a value in an Excel table (although the table can be used as an input source), an error will occur.
#Reference: A5 # refers to a dynamic array starting from A5 (which can be a dynamic number of multiple rows or columns).
TRANSPOSE: Although this is not a new function, it is now easier to flip rows and columns linked to the source array.
ANYTHINGIFS: Nest an IF in TEXTJOIN to concatenate text according to standards, copy MEDIANIFS, STDEVIFS, or any similar method you prefer.
Six new functions have been released with dynamic array:
UNIQUE:=UNIQUE (Column) returns a unique value, and there are more advanced multi column options. The generated dynamic array grows or shrinks according to the source data.
SORT: I often use=SORT (UNIQUE (Array)) to create a sorted data validation list.
SORTBY: Use SORT to sort by the first column, otherwise I recommend SORTBY. Using SORTBY, you can refer to the columns to sort compared to SORT's column index numbers (which may be out of range).
FILTER: Generate a filtered output array for certain columns.
SEQUENCE: Generate a continuous number of specified array sizes, and set the start and step sizes. Use cases include TOP5 sales or all sales in the past 7 days.
RANDARRAY: Generate a random number matrix, specifying the required columns, rows, minimum and maximum values, as well as whether they must be integer values.
Power Query in Excel
Extract from PDF: Data>Get Data>From PDF, and even merge multiple PDFs into one folder
Fuzzy matching: Match Fred, Freddy, or Elizabeth with Lizzie or 078-524 with+4478542. When merging queries, check this option to match tight but imprecise text, specify ignoring case or spaces, match must be tight from 0 to 1 (default is 0.8), and the maximum number of matches is or matches with completely different conversion tables (such as UK to UK).
M IntelliSense: Obtain autocomplete functionality when writing custom M code in custom columns, advanced editors, or formula bars, such as in Excel, double-click or press Tab to lock suggestions
Input data: Add custom data directly in Power Query from this homepage tab function
Column analysis: A colored bar appears below the column name, displaying errors, null values, and values, but the view tab has new options.
By default, the first 1000 rows are displayed as all rows in the bottom left corner of the screen.
PowerPoint
The new features of PPT 2021 can be found on the Microsoft blog, but our list is more complete.
In addition to the first three, these features are also available in Excel, Word, and Outlook, but are most commonly used in PowerPoint
Slide link: If the document is saved in the cloud, you will get this option when you right-click on the slide
Reading order: Select how screen readers prioritize objects from "Review">"Check accessibility"
Enhanced recording: Slide Show>Recording now supports your videos, laser pens, and ink
Image transparency: configured through "Image Format">"Transparency"
Sketch lines: The new line format option means that the lines around the shape can now have curves that mimic hand drawn shapes
Hexadecimal code coloring: Set the color by clicking on 'More Colors', where you can change the color to type in hexadecimal or RGB codes
Auto Play Gif: Insert any Gif and automatically play, or click | | to pause
Ink update: Drawing>Ink can replay animations of previously created hand drawn ink, and also provides rulers, erasers, and lasso selectors (not in Outlook). By default, the drawing tab may not be open and can be enabled through File>Options>Customize Ribbon
Built in inventory image library
The 1000 types of inventory content in 6 categories are mainly used for PowerPoint, but can also be used for Excel, Word, and Outlook. More content is added every month, but non advanced subscribers can only access a portion of the library.
Inventory photos: Pixel perfect high-definition photos from Insert>Pictures>Inventory images, some with many blank spaces for eye-catching full screen slide backgrounds
More icons: Insert>Icons are now part of the library and larger
Cute character: Microsoft hires models to pose in different positions with transparent backgrounds
Sticker: Telegram/Snapchat generation will prefer these characters over cutting them out
Video: A subtle video that automatically plays without sound, looping through once completed, perfect for eye-catching title slides, only available in PowerPoint
Word
Word and Outlook have relatively few features besides the ones mentioned above
Dark mode: Click File>Account and select Black to obtain the true dark mode, with white text on the black canvas
Line Focus: View>Immersive Reader has a new 'Line Focus' view
Outlook
Translation function: Translate messages by right-clicking on the translation phrase or setting automatic translation from File>Options
Inking: The drawing tab in emails allows you to annotate emails or draw on a separate canvas. The drawing tab may not be open by default and can be enabled through File>Options>Customize Ribbon
With the help of dynamic array, XLOOKUP, Stock content and other updates, the Office 2021 upgrade may really change the rules of the game.

Office 2021 is a software that comes in two different versions: Office 2021 for large business and government users, and Office 2021 for consumers and small business users.
New feature 1: confidently create
Create captivating documents and presentations using new visual objects, and quickly find the content you need through improved navigation and search capabilities.
New feature 2: Arrange work and life
Efficiently manage messages, appointments, contacts, and tasks in one location. At the same time, easily control meetings, deadlines, and family time.
New feature 3: Easy tracking and organization
Use fewer and more powerful formulas to quickly build spreadsheets that update with information changes. Quickly find data using improved navigation and search functions.
New feature 4: Seamless collaborative work
Easily share files, receive notifications when others edit or mention you in comments, and quickly understand changes every time a document is opened. Better performance features can help the system run faster, and the new automatic save feature means that work content will never be lost again.
Compared to previous 2020 versions, Office 2021 has made functional improvements in the following areas, including:
1. Improved calculation functionality has been added to the new version of Excel software.
2. It can provide better insertion methods when adding functions.
3. The built-in functions are more diverse and the calculation process is easier.
4. It is also very useful for creating data models.
5. Office 2021 has also updated multiple functions in designing PPTs.
5. Provided a better icon design solution.
6. Support for a better UI interface, and scrolling to view PPT results is better.
7. When designing the PPT, the function of inserting icons online was provided.
8. Provides an icon library for easy insertion of desired icons.
The new version of Word also has many features.
10. Provides interface color adjustment function for better editing of Word.
11. Provided a new 'immersive learning mode'.
12. The article layout function is better, and adjusting text spacing, page width, etc. is better.
In addition, the new version of Word can also read articles aloud.
14. Added a new Microsoft voice engine to easily convert text to speech.
What's New in Office 2021
Improved operation interface: Office 2021 has made significant improvements to the operation interface, removing the 3D ribbon image at the beginning of opening Office2021 files and adding a large single image. The improvement of Office 2021 has only done some superficial work. The 'File Tab' has taken on a completely new look, making it more efficient for users to operate. For example, when a user wants to create a new document, they can see preview images of many available templates.
Full editing of PDF documents: PDF documents are really a headache, and it is said that they are headache because they have many inconveniences to use in work. Even if users want to extract some formatted or unformatted text from PDF documents, it is maddening. However, with the new version of the Office 2021 suite, this issue will no longer be an issue. Word in the suite can open PDF files and users can edit them as they please. You can save the modified results in PDF files or in any file type supported by Word.
Automatically create bookmarks: This is a new feature in Office 2021, which will undoubtedly improve the efficiency of those who work with large Word documents. Users can directly navigate to the previous work or browsing page without dragging the 'scroll bar'.
Built in image search function: It is not easy to search for images on the internet and insert them into PowerPoint presentations. Microsoft has also taken into account users' needs in this regard, and users can use Bing Search to find suitable images in Office 2021 and then insert them into any Office document.
Excel Quick Analysis Tool: For most users, using good methods to analyze and present data has always been a headache. With the Excel quick analysis tool in Office 2021, this issue has become much simpler. After users input data, Excel will provide some suggestions to better format, analyze, and present the data, and so on. Even some experienced Excel users will love this feature very much.